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Research Paper

Water Resource Management in the Nile Basin: Challenges and Opportunities

This paper examines the current state of water resource management in the Nile Basin and identifies key challenges and opportunities for sustainable development.

Authors: Nile Basin Initiative

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Featured Videos

Watch informative videos, presentations, and documentaries related to the Nile Basin region and water resources management.

Webinar1:25:12

FRIENDS Forum Webinar

Dr. Bilham, a well known geophysicist has extensive knowledge of earthquake phenomena all over the world. Here he shares his expertise assessment of the risk that the GERD has with respect to earthquakes in Ethiopia.

Speaker: Dr. Abate Woldekiros

Date: 7/24/2025

Webinar40:00

በGICC ጥላ ሥር ሆነው ለታላቁ የህዳሴ ግድብ የሚሟገቱት ባለውለታዎች

Under the umbrella of GICC, several dignitaries continue to advocate for the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam. Among them is FRIENDS, who was recently featured on Sheger FM for its dedicated support and contribution to the cause.

Speaker: Dr. Abate Taddesse

Date: 8/18/2025

Webinar1:39:20

Ramifications of the Accession of South Sudan to CFA Dr. Salman M.A . Salman

In a stunning development, the Republic of South Sudan announced on Monday July 8, 2024, that its legislative authority unanimously voted to join the Nile Basin Cooperative Framework Agreement (CFA). The presentation will review the intricate history of the CFA, highlight the major differences on the CFA between Egypt and Sudan on the one hand, and the upstream riparian on the other, and discuss the importance and ramifications of the accession of South Sudan to the current impasse on the CFA.

Speaker: Salman M.A . Salman

Date: 10/22/2025

Presentation1:29:35

Presentation on CFA by Dr. Ahmed Adam at FRIENDS 38th Meeting

Dr. Ahmed Adam is a civil engineer with an experience of more than 40 years in the field of irrigation and water resources management.. Dr. Adam during his term as Under Secretary for the Ministry of Irrigation and Water Resources (1990-2001) had acquired excellent experience in managing the staff of the Ministry (more than 7000 employees) and succeeded to provide the resources for the various sectors e.g. for irrigation, hydropower, industry and others and eased the hazards of high floods of the Nile River and met the water shortage in the dry years. During the first three years of his term, Dr. Adam succeeded to increase the irrigated area by 40% from 2.0 million to 2.8 million acres (1.9 million ha). He was also a member of the National Technical Committee for Renaissance Dam of Ethiopia.

Speaker: Dr. Ahmed Adam

Date: 10/22/2025

Presentation1:14:50

Hydropower For Regional Development Dr. Mulugeta Bereded Zelelew

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PRESENTATION: Africa’s population is among the fastest growing and youngest in the world. The International Energy Agency (IEA) has reported that 1-in-2 people added to the world population between today and 2040 will be in Africa. It is also expected that the urban population will grow significantly in the coming 10 to 15 years, in which renewable energy supply is crucial to achieve sustainable socio-economic developments and bring a reasonable living standard in the urban centers. The energy consumption per year per capita in the Nile Basin is mostly below 200 kwh, which is far less than the 500 kwh/year/capita threshold which is considered as the minimum energy consumption for having a reasonable quality of life. Recent data from IEA indicates almost all Nile Basin countries currently cannot provide electric energy for more than 50% of its population. Nevertheless, the Nile Basin region has significant untapped potential hydropower energy. Due to the relatively low production cost of electricity, hydropower is the preferred source of energy for most of the Nile Basin countries. Besides providing affordable energy to urban and rural areas, this also brings opportunities to improve socio-economic development, promote regional peace and security and political stability in one of the fragile regions of Africa. In this presentation, the role of hydropower for promoting regional socio-economic development & mitigating national energy challenges is discussed.

Speaker: Dr. Mulugeta Bereded Zelelew

Date: 10/23/2023

Webinar0:12:59

2050 Projection Municipal Water Need in Nile Basin Dr Tiirusew Asefa

How much municipal and industrial water is needed in the Nile basin by 2050? Most consumptive water use discussions in the Nile Basin are centered around irrigation water needs. As countries transition to higher income status in the next two to four decades, municipal and industrial water uses in the basin are estimated to grow exponentially. This talk is about challenges in figuring out future municipal and industrial water demands in the Nile Basin and highlight potential demand and supply management opportunities countries may need to consider in sharing a limited resource. As the region seeks a lasting cooperative solution to share the Nile water, equitable use of water in different sectors come to the forefront.

Speaker: Dr. Tiirusew Asefa

Date: 2/26/2023

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Research Papers

Academic research on water resources, climate change, and development in the Nile Basin.

Case Studies

Detailed examinations of specific projects and initiatives in the Nile Basin region.

Reports

Comprehensive reports on the state of water resources, development, and cooperation in the Nile Basin.

Presentations

Slides and materials from past events and conferences hosted by the FRIENDS Forum.

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